Self-organized criticality (SOC) is a property of dynamical systems that have a critical point as an attractor. Their macroscopic behavior thus displays the spatial or temporal scale-invariance characteristic of the critical point of a phase transition, but without the need to tune control parameters to a precise value, because the system, effectively, tunes itself as it evolves towards criticality.
Its concepts have been applied across fields as diverse as geophysics,[3][4][5] physical cosmology, evolutionary biology and ecology, bio-inspired computing and optimization (mathematics), economics, quantum gravity, sociology, solar physics, plasma physics, neurobiology[6][7][8][9] and others.
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-organized_criticality
HEIGHT 400
Wikipedia 